While presidential policies matter, policies never move markets uniformly
Will the policies of the Biden Administration have a negative or positive impact on the stock market? A prevailing view – by about half of the country – is that a Biden Administration would have a positive impact. Another prevailing view – also by about half of the country – is that it would be negative.
Well, although the stock market has performed well since January 20th, the answer will not be settled for quite some time, as 4 months is a too short a period of time to draw conclusions.
Nevertheless, let’s examine a few of President Biden’s proposed policies that will likely impact stock markets – being careful not to draw conclusions as to whether the impact will be negative or positive.
Things to Remember
First, remember that no political party has been exclusively great or awful for stock markets. And while many might view Republican presidents as more bullish for markets and Democratic presidents as more bearish, the data doesn’t support those views.
Further, while presidential policies do matter, the reality is that policies will not impact sectors, industries, and markets uniformly. In other words, there will be certain sectors, industries, and markets that emerge stronger and certain ones that emerge weaker.
Government Spending
For a long time, the U.S. government has been spending more than it takes in. Consider that the federal debt has more than doubled in the past decade and now stands at $28 trillion.
And all this COVID-relief spending (not all of it can be attributed to the Biden Administration) plus the additional proposed spending for infrastructure, health care and other programs, adds more money into the economy, which could cause inflation to rise.
In fact, in April, the Core Consumer Price Index increased to its highest level in 13 years, to 4.1%, and this was after an increase to 2.6% in March, which was the highest level since 2018.
Infrastructure Policy
The Biden Administration unveiled a $2 trillion infrastructure spending bill, which calls for one of the most significant and largest investments in the U.S. in generations.
According to White House, the plan is divided across four main areas:
Quality of life at home ($650 billion)
Transportation infrastructure ($621 billion)
Research, development and manufacturing ($480 billion)
Help for caregivers ($400 billion)
While many might reasonably argue how to best define infrastructure, the $621 billion “transportation infrastructure” piece does appear to have more bi-partisan support. And in the bill is:
$174 billion for electric vehicles, including a network of 500,000 electric vehicle stations
$115 billion for roads and bridges, including 20,000 miles of highways and roads and the 10 most "economically significant" bridges in the U.S. as well as 10,000 smaller bridges
$85 billion for modernizing transit systems
$80 billion for Amtrak repairs
Such spending will clearly favor construction-related industries and companies within the building products, construction materials, and machinery.
Energy Policy
The Energy industry is one that the Biden Administration will clearly try to reshape. In fact, it started on Day One of the Biden presidency. First, the Keystone XL pipeline was stopped. Then a month later, the U.S. rejoined the Paris Agreement. And how much of the Green New Deal will make into the proposed infrastructure plan remains to be seen.
Healthcare Policy
Many are expecting the Biden Administration to focus heavily on drug pricing control and create a public health insurance option to compete with private companies. And both policies are likely to be negative for pharmaceutical companies and health insurers.
Foreign Policy
The big elephant in the room is geopolitical tension with China as a manufacturer of so many global goods but also as a consumer of American goods. How this unfolds of course remains to be seen, but many suspect that the Biden Administration will attempt to cooperate more with Europe and all of Asia – possibly by easing up on tariffs – and this could bring at least a degree of stability relative to the region’s more recent volatility.
Tax Policy
The Biden Administration tax proposals can be summarized into three parts:
The American Rescue Plan (enacted)
The American Jobs Plan (proposed)
The American Family Plan (proposed)
Each of these can have significant implications for the economy, stock and bond markets, and your retirement assets.
Will the policies of the Biden Administration have a negative or positive impact on the stock market? A prevailing view – by about half of the country – is that a Biden Administration would have a positive impact. Another prevailing view – also by about half of the country – is that it would be negative.
Well, although the stock market has performed well since January 20th, with some more recent rough patches in May, the answer will not be settled for quite some time, as 4 months is a too short a period of time to draw conclusions.
Nevertheless, let’s examine a few of President Biden’s policies that will likely impact stock markets – being careful not to draw conclusions as to whether the impact will be negative or positive.
Things to Remember
First, remember that no political party has been exclusively great or awful for stock markets. And while many might view Republican presidents as more bullish for markets and Democratic presidents as more bearish, the data doesn’t support those views.
Further, while presidential policies do matter, the reality is that policies will not impact sectors, industries and markets uniformly. In other words, there will be certain sectors, industries and markets that emerge stronger and certain ones that emerge weaker.
The American Rescue Plan Act
In mid-March, President Biden signed the American Rescue Plan Act, which provided cash payments to individuals and also changed a few tax laws. But many of these changes expire, so it’s important to know when they are set to expire before even trying to determine what kind of impact they may or may not have. Here are some of the changes:
Individual Tax Credits. Generally speaking, these will expire at the end of 2021. But for now, the 2021 child tax credit of $3,600 for each child under the age of 6 and $3,000 for each child 6 – 17 years of age is fully refundable and payable in advance. And unless Congress and the President change it again, in 2022, the child tax credit will revert back to $2,000 for each child under 17.
The Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit. As with the child tax credit, the child and dependent care tax credit (they are different, so be careful) sets the maximum credit for one individual at $4,000 and $8,000 for two or more qualifying individuals and is refundable for some taxpayers. But in 2022, it reverts to $3,000 and $6,000.
Earned Income Credit. In addition to permanently eliminating the maximum age for eligibility, the Earned Income Credit was extended to those under age 25 and in 2021.
Stimulus Checks to Buy Stocks?
Whether the American Rescue Plan Act will impact our economy and stock markets remains to be seen, especially since many of the changes are just for this year.
Nevertheless, there is a growing body of evidence that supports the notion that stimulus checks are being used to invest in the stock market.
For example, back in February, Deutsche Bank reported that in their survey, retail traders said they planned to put roughly 40% of their stimulus payment directly into the stock market. That could account for close to $170 billion from the latest round of stimulus checks going straight into stocks (and cryptocurrencies too). Further, retail traders between the ages of 25 and 34 said they expect to put half of their stimulus checks into stocks.
Let’s say Deutsche bank’s survey is way off and they overestimate by 4x and only 10% of stimulus payments go into the stock market. That’s still a whopping $40 billion.
In other words, it sure does appear that the American Rescue Plan Act will impact the stock market in one way or another.
Parts I and III
Part I in this series looks at other ways the Biden Administration’s policies might impact the stock market and include:
Huge government spending policies that could push inflation higher;
Infrastructure policies;
Energy policies;
Healthcare policies; and
Foreign policies.
In Parts III and IV, we will summarize The American Jobs Plan (proposed) and The American Family Plan (also proposed).
Because all of these policies individually and collectively will have significant implications for the economy, stock and bond markets, and your retirement assets.
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